Acute cardiac care & resuscitationCohort study
Analyses of gender disparities in receipt of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by patient’s age group and bystander category
- nationwide Japanese registry
- 2005-2023
- Logistic regression and effect modification analyses
Authors' conclusion
Bystander category was more strongly associated with CPR receipt than patient gender.
Study context
- Population
- Witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of presumed cardiac etiology
- Participants
- 453,441 eligible patients
- Exposure
- Gender differences in receipt of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) across five age groups and five bystander categories
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Receipt of bystander CPR, overall
- females were more likely than males to receive bystander CPR overall
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Receipt of bystander CPR, adjusted — female vs male | 1.100 (1.084–1.113) | |
| Receipt of bystander CPR, adjusted — staff or related personnel vs family | 3.555 (3.500–3.611) | |
| 0.20.5125Adjusted odds ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | female | male | staff or related personnel | family | Estimate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk differences for not receiving CPR vs family | |||||
| friends vs family | 4.0% | 14.3% | Not reported in the abstract | Not reported in the abstract | |
| staff or related personnel vs family | 31.4% | 27.7% | Not reported in the abstract | Not reported in the abstract |
Receipt of bystander CPR by age group
- among patients aged 15-49 and 50-64 years, females were less likely to receive CPR, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in those aged ≥75 years
Receipt of bystander CPR when bystanders were friends, colleagues, or passersby
- females were less likely to receive CPR across all adult age groups
Interaction with gender
- Clear interaction was observed between gender and bystander category, but not age group
Original publication
Analyses of gender disparities in receipt of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by patient’s age group and bystander category. Resuscitation. Published 5 July 2026. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2026.111201
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it