Coronary disease & ACSRandomised controlled trial
Anti-inflammatory therapy with low-dose IL-2 in acute coronary syndromes: a randomized phase 2 trial
- Randomised controlled trial
- double-blind
- placebo-controlled
- phase 2
Authors' conclusion
In conclusion, in patients with ACSs, low-dose IL-2 safely increases Treg cell levels and reduces arterial inflammation.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with ACS and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >2 mg l-1
- Participants
- 31 vs 29
- Comparison
- Low-dose IL-2 vs placebo
- Low-dose IL-2n = 31
- Placebon = 29reference
- Primary endpoint
- Difference in arterial inflammation in the index vessel (highest average maximum target-to-background ratio pre-treatment) on [18F]FDG PET-CT
- Follow-up
- End of treatment (8 weeks)
Primary result
Arterial inflammation, index vessel · end of treatment
Difference
−0.171
95% CI −0.308 to −0.034
P = 0.015
Low-dose IL-2 vs Placebo
difference −0.171 (95% CI −0.308 to −0.034); P = 0.015
As reported in the abstract
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | difference | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial inflammation in more inflamed segments | −8.3% | P = 0.009 |
Treg cell levels
- Low-dose IL-2 increased Treg cell levels vs placebo
- P < 0.0001
Safety
events
| Outcome | Low-dose IL-2 | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| MACE · 2-year follow-up | 0 | 3 |
Original publication
Anti-inflammatory therapy with low-dose IL-2 in acute coronary syndromes: a randomized phase 2 trial. Nat Med. Published 8 January 2026. doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04090-y
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it