Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study
Association between cumulative exposure to cardiometabolic index and risk of heart failure: a prospective cohort study
- prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
High cumulative CMI was independently associated with increased HF risk. Long-term monitoring and maintenance of an optimal CMI level may aid in early identification and prevention of HF in the general population.
Study context
- Population
- Participants from the Kailuan Study who attended three health examinations in 2006, 2008, and 2010 and were free of cardiovascular disease or cancer at baselinemean age 53.1 ± 11.9 years, 78.6% men
- Participants
- 44,773 participants
- Exposure
- Quartiles of cumulative cardiometabolic index (CMI), compared with the lowest quartile
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident HF · median follow-up of 12.0 years (IQR 11.7-12.3)
Each group vs lowest quartileAdjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)
Q2
1.18(0.95–1.50)
Q3
1.32(1.05–1.65)
Q4
1.40(1.11–1.76)
- Heart failure (HF) events
- 1018
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Interaction between cumulative CMI and diabetes, age, sex, hypertension
- Significant interaction between cumulative CMI and diabetes
- P = 0.043
- No significant interaction with age, sex, or hypertension
Sensitivity analyses
- Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results
Original publication
Association between cumulative exposure to cardiometabolic index and risk of heart failure: a prospective cohort study. ESC Heart Fail. Published 22 January 2026. doi:10.1093/eschf/xvaf040
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it