HypertensionCross-sectional study
Association between folate deficiency and hypertension: evidence from an observational and Mendelian randomization study
- Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study with Mendelian randomization
- one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR)
- two-sample MR
- UK Biobank
Authors' conclusion
Observational and genetically determined folate deficiency were associated with hypertension, suggesting that folate deficiency might be a causal risk factor for hypertension.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants free of hypertension at enrolmentup to
- Participants
- 219,089 participants
- Exposure
- Folate deficiency vs no folate deficiency
- Outcome
- Hypertension prevalence and incidence
- Follow-up
- Median 12.8 years
Main finding
Incident hypertension · median 12.8 years
Hazard ratio
1.42
95% CI 1.24–1.63
Folate deficiency vs No folate deficiency
HR 1.42 (95% CI 1.24–1.63)
As reported in the abstract
- Participants who developed hypertension
- 17 670
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension, one-sample MR (highest quantile) | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | P for trend < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | β (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Higher serum folate on SBP, DBP and hypertension, two-sample MR — Higher serum folate vs No folate deficiency · SBP | −2.313 (−3.532 to −1.094) | |
| Higher serum folate on SBP, DBP and hypertension, two-sample MR — Higher serum folate vs No folate deficiency · DBP | −1.648 (−3.085 to −0.211) | |
| Higher serum folate on SBP, DBP and hypertension, two-sample MR — Higher serum folate vs No folate deficiency · hypertension | −0.049 (−0.069 to −0.029) |
Original publication
Association between folate deficiency and hypertension: evidence from an observational and Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 26 November 2024. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae386
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it