Arrhythmias & electrophysiologyCohort study
Atrial fibrillation recurrence and outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Insights from a nationwide real-world cohort
- nationwide real-world cohort
- propensity matched 1:1
- TriNetX Research Network (2015-2025)
Authors' conclusion
AF in patients with HCM was associated with higher recurrence than matched patients without HCM, reflecting a distinct disease phenotype. Earlier ablation was associated with lower recurrence, supporting consideration of earlier AF treatment interventions and is an area in need of additional study.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), grouped by the presence or absence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), with cohorts defined by initial AF diagnosis, first direct-current cardioversion (DCCV) and first catheter ablationpatients with new-onset AF, 31,248 (1.2%) had HCM · DCCV (HCM diagnosis in 4687) 194,224 · Ablation (HCM diagnosis in 3529) 124,567
- Participants
- 2,548,991 patients
- Exposure
- HCM vs non-HCM
- HCMn = 31,248
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio
1.25
P < 0.001
By group
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
AF recurrence requiring intervention after DCCV · 1 year · after matching
HR 1.14 · P < 0.001
AF recurrence requiring intervention after ablation · 1 year · after matching
HR 1.22 · P < 0.001
Predictors of recurrence in HCM
- persistent AF and heart failure predicted recurrence
- early ablation (<6 months from AF diagnosis) was associated with lower recurrence than delayed ablation (>12 months)
- Multivariable Cox models
Original publication
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it