HypertensionCohort study
Blood Pressure Phenotypes and Cardio-Kidney Outcomes: Findings From UK Biobank Data
- prospective, population-based study
Authors' conclusion
Distinct BP phenotypes beyond absolute BP thresholds confer differential risks for CKO. Interventional studies are needed to evaluate strategies targeting combined systolic-diastolic phenotypes to reduce CKO risk.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants enrolled between 2006 and 2010 with baseline systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥90 mm Hg and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , excluding those with prior chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseasemean age, 55.8±8.1 years, 42.5% men
- Participants
- 322,218 participants
- Exposure
- BP phenotypes based on the 2017 American Heart Association hypertension criteria (≥130/80 mm Hg) compared with normotension
- normotensionn = 61,918reference
- systolic-diastolic hypertensionn = 159,853
- isolated systolic hypertensionn = 43,939
- isolated diastolic hypertensionn = 28,169
- isolated low diastolic BPn = 28,339
- Outcome
- CKO, a composite of incident chronic kidney disease, 3-point major cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 13.6 years
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs normotensionHazard ratio (95% CI)
isolated systolic hypertension
1.22(1.17–1.27)
systolic-diastolic hypertension
1.21(1.16–1.25)
isolated diastolic hypertension
1.11(1.05–1.17)
isolated low diastolic BP
1.10(1.05–1.17)
- CKO events
- 32 440
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Blood Pressure Phenotypes and Cardio-Kidney Outcomes: Findings From UK Biobank Data. Circ Popul Health Outcomes. Published 7 July 2026. doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.125.013035
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it