Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study
Cardiorenal Disease Pathways and Treatment of Patients With Comorbid Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease
- Retrospective cohort study
- real-world data
- multinational (England, Japan, Sweden, US)
Authors' conclusion
This study provides insights into the real-world trajectory of cardiorenal disease
Study context
- Population
- Adults (≥18 years) with comorbid heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), indexed at first presentation with both; routinely collected health care data from England, Japan, Sweden and US4 countries · England 63,752 · Japan 128,861 · Sweden 43,612 · US 530,513
- Exposure
- CKD-first vs HF-first vs Simultaneous
- Outcome
- Chronological sequence of HF and CKD development, outpatient specialist care patterns and HF GDMT use before and after onset of both conditions
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Disease progression pathway (England and US)
CKD-first
58%-61%
HF-first
31%-35%
Simultaneous
7%-8%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Outpatient appointments in the year before index
- General practitioners
- 61%-100%
- Nephrologists
- 4%-8%
HF guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) use
- Low before index and only mildly increased in the subsequent year, in all 4 countries
- Generally higher in HF-first than in other pathways
Original publication
Cardiorenal Disease Pathways and Treatment of Patients With Comorbid Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease. JACC Heart Fail. Published 24 June 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103179
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it