Arrhythmias & electrophysiologyCohort study
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation: Insights from 2 real-world prospective registries across Europe and East Asia
- real-world prospective registries
- 2 registries across Europe and East Asia
- multivariable Cox regression
Authors' conclusion
High CKM risk was associated with an increased risk of all-cause death and MACE. A holistic or integrated care approach management strategy is recommended to improve clinical outcomes in these patients.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with available data for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) staging, from the EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) AF General Long-Term Registry and Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) AF Registrypatients enrolled (age 71.5 years, standard deviation 10.3, 59.0% male)
- Participants
- 5,577 patients
- Exposure
- associations between CKM risk status and the adverse clinical outcomes
- low CKM riskn = 1,090 (19.5%)reference
- moderate CKM riskn = 159 (2.9%)reference
- high CKM riskn = 4,328 (77.6%)
Main finding
Composite outcome
Adjusted hazard ratio
1.93
95% CI 1.58–2.36
high CKM risk vs low CKM risk
aHR 1.93 (95% CI 1.58–2.36)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aHR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| All-cause death | 1.90 (1.48–2.45) | |
| MACE — high CKM risk vs low CKM risk | 2.28 (1.73–3.00) | |
| MACE — high CKM risk vs moderate CKM risk | 3.49 (1.44–8.42) | |
| 0.10.31310Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation: Insights from 2 real-world prospective registries across Europe and East Asia. Heart Rhythm. Published 12 April 2026. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.02.038
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it