Cardio-oncology & otherCohort study
Clinical profile and outcomes among patients with cardiac implantable electronic device presenting as isolated pocket infection, pocket-related infective endocarditis, or lead-related infective endocarditis
- Retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Compared with LRIE, the clinical course of PIRIE was milder, and short- and long-term mortalities were lower, but comparable with IPI after >1 year.
Study context
- Population
- Patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection1,207 infectious indications
- Participants
- 3,847 patients
- Exposure
- PIRIE vs lead-related infective endocarditis (LRIE) vs isolated pocket infection (IPI)
- IPIn = 361
- PIRIEn = 472
- LRIEn = 374
- Outcome
- Risk factors, clinical course and outcomes of CIED infections; differences between PIRIE and LRIE
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Long-term mortality · median 1828 (815-3139) days
PIRIE vs LRIE: P < 0.001 · PIRIE vs IPI: P = 0.162
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk factors for LRIE
| Comparison | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes · LRIE risk | 1.488 (1.178–1.879) | P < 0.001 | |
| Lead abrasion · LRIE risk | 2.117 (1.665–2.691) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Pocket infection spread
| Comparison | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Staphylococcus aureus infection | 1.596 (1.202–2.120) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Inflammatory markers and vegetations
- PIRIE had lower inflammatory markers and lower prevalence of vegetations than LRIE
Original publication
Clinical profile and outcomes among patients with cardiac implantable electronic device presenting as isolated pocket infection, pocket-related infective endocarditis, or lead-related infective endocarditis. Europace. Published 14 March 2025. doi:10.1093/europace/euaf053
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it