Cardiometabolic & kidneyCross-sectional study
Diet–gut microbiota interaction Index and heart failure risk in diabetes and prediabetes: evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2018
- cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007-2018
- weighted logistic regression
- restricted cubic spline models
Authors' conclusion
Higher DI-GM was associated with lower HF risk, particularly in prediabetes. Microbiota-related dietary patterns may play a role in HF prevention among metabolically at-risk populations.
Study context
- Population
- US adults with diabetes or prediabetes in NHANES 2007–2018adults with diabetes or prediabetes
- Participants
- 15,219 adults
- Exposure
- Higher vs lower Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) scores and prevalent heart failure (HF)
Main finding
HF risk per 1-point increase in DI-GM
Adjusted odds ratio
0.93
95% CI 0.89–0.98
P = 0.005
per 1-point increase
adjusted OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.89–0.98); P = 0.005
Per 1-point increase, as printed
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HF risk, DI-GM ≥ 6 vs scores 0-3 · 27% lower HF risk | 0.73 (0.58–0.92) | P = 0.007 | |
| HF risk by glycaemic status (subgroup) | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) | P = 0.004 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
HF risk by glycaemic status (subgroup)
- Not significant in diabetes
Participant characteristics
- mean age (years)
- 56.50 ± 15.68
- women
- 48.14%
Original publication
Diet–gut microbiota interaction Index and heart failure risk in diabetes and prediabetes: evidence from NHANES 2007–2018. ESC Heart Fail. Published 4 May 2026. doi:10.1093/eschf/xvag125
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it