Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study
Dietary Sodium Intake and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in the Southern Community Cohort Study
- Southern Community Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Among low-income Black and White adults in the southeast United States, greater dietary sodium intake associates with a higher risk of incident HF. Modest reduction in sodium consumption may significantly reduce the burden of HF in this high-risk population.
Study context
- Population
- Southern Community Cohort Study participants without prevalent heart failure (HF) and with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services coverage at enrollment (2002–2009) (median age 54 years, 63% female, 69% Black, 87% <$25k annual income)participants examined
- Participants
- 25,306 participants
- Exposure
- Dietary sodium intake and incident HF risk
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Mean dietary sodium intake
4,269 ± 2,502 mg/day
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Incident HF · 9.8 years median follow-up
- Individuals who developed HF
- 7,039 (27.8%)
Incident HF per 1,000 mg/day greater sodium intake
- Higher risk of incident HF per 1,000 mg/day greater sodium intake
- 8% (95% CI: 4%-11%)
- independent of sociodemographics, diet quality, calories, physical activity, and hyperlipidemia
- Further adjustment for hypertension, body mass index, sleep, or coronary artery disease yielded similar results
Incident HF, individuals with diabetes (subgroup)
- HR
- 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.15
- dietary sodium association similar among individuals with diabetes
Population-attributable fraction: reducing sodium intake to a maximum of 4,000 mg/day · over 10 years
- Incident HF that could be eliminated
- 6.6% (95% CI: 3.6%-9.6%)
Original publication
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it