Effect of Empagliflozin on Whole Body, Cardiac, and Renal Sympathetic Outflows in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In this exploratory study, 12 weeks of empagliflozin treatment lowered cardiac filling pressures, but without the anticipated reflex increase in sympathetic nervous activity.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T2DM and CVD or high CV risk15 and 16 completed treatment
- Participants
- 15 vs 17
- Comparison
- Empagliflozin vs placebo
- Empagliflozinn = 15
- Placebon = 17reference
- Primary endpoint
- Whole-body NE spillover rate, adjusted for baseline
- Follow-up
- End of treatment (12 weeks)
Methodological detailsplacebo-controlled, exploratory
- Placebo-controlled
- Exploratory
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Whole-body NE spillover · 12 weeks
- Empagliflozin did not significantly alter whole-body norepinephrine (NE) spillover vs placebo
- P > 0.30
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | Adjusted between-group difference (mm Hg) (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure | −1.8 (−3.4 to −0.1) | |
| DBPDescribed as a trend | −3.9 (−7.7 to −0.1) | |
| −10−505Difference, mm Hg (linear scale) |
| Outcome | Adjusted between-group difference (%) (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Glycated hemoglobin | −0.3 (−0.6 to −0.02) | |
| −1−0.500.5Difference, % (linear scale) |
| Outcome | Adjusted between-group difference (kg) (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Body weightDescribed as a trend | −2.6 (−3.8 to −1.4) | |
| −4−202Difference, kg (linear scale) |
Cardiac and renal NE spillover · 12 weeks
- No significant change in cardiac or renal NE spillover vs placebo
- P > 0.30
Heart rate, NT-proBNP
- No impact on heart rate or NT-proBNP
Original publication
Effect of Empagliflozin on Whole Body, Cardiac, and Renal Sympathetic Outflows in Type 2 Diabetes. JACC Adv. Published 8 November 2025. doi:10.
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