Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesMeta-analysis
Effect of influenza vaccination in patients with decompensated heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies
- random effects model
- confounder-adjusted
Authors' conclusion
Influenza vaccination is associated with a lower short- and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with decompensated HF; however, as all the studies included in this meta-analysis were observational, these results could be subject to residual confounding and causality cannot be directly inferred from them.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with acute heart failure (HF) (acute HF (AHF)) decompensation5 observational cohort studies
- Comparison
- Influenza vaccination vs no vaccination
- Outcome
- All-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- 1 year
Pooled result
1-year all-cause mortality
Adjusted hazard ratio
0.89
95% CI 0.83–0.96
Vaccinated vs Unvaccinated
adjusted HR 0.89 (95% CI 0.83–0.96)
As reported in the abstract
Further pooled results
In-hospital mortality
- reported in three studies
90-day mortality
- reported in two studies
Hospitalization after discharge
- Isolated single-study data suggest no effect
Original publication
Effect of influenza vaccination in patients with decompensated heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. Published 12 January 2026. doi:10.1093/ejhf/xuaf025
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it