Coronary disease & ACSRandomised controlled trial

Effectiveness of Data-Driven Quality Improvement on Hospitalizations and Health Outcomes for People With Coronary Heart Disease in Primary Care (QUEL): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial With 24-Month Follow-Up

Circ Popul Health OutcomesPublished

  • single-blind, cluster randomized controlled trial
  • Australian primary care practices (2019-2022)
  • practices randomized; adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) units of analysis
  • data extracted from electronic records linked to administrative data

Authors' conclusion

A primary care, data-driven quality improvement program did not improve unplanned hospitalizations, MACE, medication prescriptions, achievement of risk factor targets, or management planning for people with CHD. Robust evidence for the use of a data-driven, collaborative approach to improving care for people with CHD in primary care remains elusive.

Study context

Population
Adults with CHD (who visited their general practitioner in the past 12 months) in Australian primary care practicespatient cohort from 51 primary care practices
Participants
7,864 adults
Comparison
Data-driven quality improvement program vs standard care
Primary endpoint
Proportion of participants who had unplanned cardiovascular disease hospitalizations
Follow-up
24 months

Primary result

As reported in the abstract

Relative risk

0.91

95% CI 0.75–1.10

intervention vs control
relative risk 0.91 (95% CI 0.75–1.10)

Secondary outcomes

Outcomerelative risk (95% CI)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · MACE · no significant difference between the groups0.81 (0.61–1.07)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · prescription of antiplatelet · no significant difference between the groups0.94 (0.79–1.13)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · statin · no significant difference between the groups1.03 (0.97–1.09)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · no significant difference between the groups1.00 (0.93–1.07)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · risk factor target for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol · no significant difference between the groups0.99 (0.86–1.13)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · systolic blood pressure · no significant difference between the groups0.97 (0.87–1.09)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · smoking · no significant difference between the groups0.96 (0.57–1.59)
Secondary outcomes: MACE, medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning · 24 months — intervention vs control · management planning · no significant difference between the groups1.02 (0.64–1.63)
  • Secondary outcomes: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), medication prescriptions, risk factor targets, management planning: angiotensin-converting enzyme or angiotensin receptor blocker

Patient cohort characteristics

mean age (years)
71.9 (±11.8)
men
68%
prior myocardial infarction
24%

Original publication

Effectiveness of Data-Driven Quality Improvement on Hospitalizations and Health Outcomes for People With Coronary Heart Disease in Primary Care (QUEL): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial With 24-Month Follow-Up. Circ Popul Health Outcomes. Published 15 April 2026. doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.125.012904

Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it