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Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesResearch article

Effects of metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular outcomes in non-obese heart failure patients

ESC Heart FailPublished

  • Analysis of patients enrolled in Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT)
  • Kaplan-Meier analyses
  • Multivariate Cox-proportional analyses
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Authors' conclusion

MS in non-obese ICD or CRT-D patients is associated with a higher risk of HF/Death, most prominent in those with diabetes, necessitating early intervention.

Study context

Population
Non-obese patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) or cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) enrolled in MADIT-CRTnon-obese patients in MADIT-CRT (65%), 672 (57%) presented with metabolic syndrome (MS)
Participants
1,180 patients
Comparison
Non-obese MS patients vs non-obese patients without MS
  • Non-obese MS patientsn = 672

Main finding

HF/death · 3 years

Hazard ratio

1.64

95% CI 1.15–2.32

P & .006

By group

Non-obese MS patients vs non-obese patients without MS
hazard ratio 1.64 (95% CI 1.15–2.32); P & .006

As reported in the abstract

Further findings

HF/death within non-obese MS patients, diabetics vs non-diabetics (subgroup) · 2.5 years

  • Heart failure (HF)/death within non-obese MS patients, diabetics vs non-diabetics (subgroup): log-rank P < .001

Diabetes mellitus among non-obese patients with MS

Non-obese patients with MS who had diabetes mellitus
284 (42%)

Reverse remodelling

Reverse remodelling was similar in all subgroups

Original publication

Effects of metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular outcomes in non-obese heart failure patients. ESC Heart Fail. Published 11 March 2026. doi:10.1093/eschf/xvag073
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Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it