Acute cardiac care & resuscitation

Enhanced Early Risk Stratification in Cardiogenic Shock Using Machine Learning

JACC AdvPublished

  • multicenter retrospective registry
  • hierarchical agglomerative clustering
+1 more
  • hierarchical agglomerative clustering

Authors' conclusion

Hierarchical clustering reproduced previously identified CS phenotypes that were consistent across the first 3 days of ICU stay, providing an enhanced framework for early risk stratification. Prospective validation is required for clinical implementation.

Study context

Population
Adults with cardiogenic shock (CS) admitted to intensive care unit (ICUs) between 2016 and 2022adults with CS
Participants
2,906 adults
Exposure
Machine learning (ML)-derived CS phenotypes across ICU days 1 to 3 vs SCAI staging for mortality stratification

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Mortality by day 1 phenotype · day 1

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Phenotype persistence · day 2 and day 3

Similar phenotypes persisted on day 2 and day 3

Mortality stratification within each SCAI stage · days 1 to 3

ML-derived phenotypes enhanced mortality stratification within each SCAI stage

Original publication

Enhanced Early Risk Stratification in Cardiogenic Shock Using Machine Learning. JACC Adv. Published 13 October 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.103339

Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it