Prevention & lipidsResearch article
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023
- Systematic analysis (Global Burden of Disease 2023 study)
- multinational collaborative
- 204 countries and territories
- 1990–2023
Authors' conclusion
CVD remains the leading cause of disease burden and death worldwide with the greatest burden in low, low-middle, and middle SDI regions.
Study context
- Population
- Population-level CVD burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2023204 countries and territories
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Global CVD burden · 2023
- CVD disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally, 2023
- 437 million (95% UI 401 to 465 million)
- CVD DALYs globally, 1990
- 320 million (95% UI 292 to 344 million)
- Increase in CVD DALYs since 1990
- 1.4-fold
- CVD deaths, 1990
- 13.1 million (95% UI 12.2 to 14.0 million)
- CVD deaths, 2023
- 19.2 million (95% UI 17.4 to 20.4 million)
- Prevalent CVD cases, 1990
- 311 million (95% UI 294 to 333 million)
- Prevalent CVD cases, 2023
- 626 million (95% UI 591 to 672 million)
Further findings
CVD burden attributable to modifiable risk factors · 2023
- Share of CVD burden attributable to modifiable risk factors
- 79.6% (95% UI 75.7% to 82.5%)
- Attributable DALYs
- 347 million (95% UI 318 to 373 million)
- Leading attributable risks: high SBP, dietary risks, high LDL-C, air pollution
- Increases in high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose and low physical activity raised burden; reductions in tobacco usage mitigated some increases
Drivers of increase in CVD DALYs since 1990 · 1990–2023
- Added by population growth
- 128 million (95% UI 115 to 139 million)
- Added by population aging
- 139 million (95% UI 126 to 151 million)
Original publication
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published 24 September 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.08.015
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it