Prevention & lipidsCohort study

Impact of Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to Wildfire Smoke PM2.5 on Cardiovascular Hospital Admissions Among Older Adults in the United States

J Am Coll CardiolPublished

  • Population-based cohort study

Authors' conclusion

Long-term cumulative wildfire smoke PM2.5 exposure is associated with elevated CVD hospitalization risk, varying by exposure levels and individual characteristics.

Study context

Population
US Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years, contiguous US, 2017–2022
Participants
65.2 million beneficiaries
Exposure
Moderate exposure vs Below 1st percentile
Outcome
First cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

CVD hospitalizations by 3-year average wildfire smoke PM2.5
Moderate exposure vs Below 1st percentileRelative risk (95% CI)
overall CVD
1.04(1.03–1.05)
ischemic heart disease
1.07(1.06–1.09)
arrhythmias
1.06(1.04–1.07)

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Effect modification by sociodemographic factors

Beneficiaries of lower socioeconomic status potentially more vulnerable

Original publication

Impact of Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to Wildfire Smoke PM2.5 on Cardiovascular Hospital Admissions Among Older Adults in the United States. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published 18 February 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.12.079

Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it