Cardio-oncology & otherCohort study
Infective endocarditis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a real-world matched cohort analysis
- retrospective cohort study
- propensity score matched 1:1
- multicentre electronic health record platform (TriNetX research network)
Authors' conclusion
Patients with HCM had more than twice the 5-year risk of IE compared with matched controls and approximately half the risk seen in patients with valve interventions. HCM may represent an intermediate-risk group not currently addressed in prophylaxis guidelines.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged ≥45 years with an ambulatory encounter between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 and a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), matched to controls without HCMvalve intervention cohort 1,916
- Participants
- 18,177 matched HCM-control pairs
- Exposure
- HCM vs controls
- valve intervention cohortn = 1,916
- Outcome
- Cumulative incidence of IE (International Classification of Diseases-10 codes)
- Follow-up
- 5 years
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio
2.62
95% CI 2.20–3.12
P < 0.001
By group
HCM vs controls
HR 2.62 (95% CI 2.20–3.12); P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HCM | controls | valve intervention cohort | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE incidence, valve intervention cohort | Not reported in the abstract | 1.52% | 6.46% | 4.21 (2.62–6.75) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.10.31310Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Infective endocarditis (IE) cases in HCM patients treated with mavacamten (exploratory subgroup of 231) · 1-year follow-up period
- No IE cases occurred
- exploratory subgroup
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Infective endocarditis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a real-world matched cohort analysis. Heart. Published 15 April 2026. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2026-327787
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it