Coronary disease & ACSCohort study
Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and coronary artery disease: unravelling cardiometabolic pathways and modification of genetic susceptibility
- Prospective cohort study
- mediation analysis
- additive interaction analysis
Authors' conclusion
This study provided a combination of conventional and genetic evidence to underscore the importance of integrated management targeting blood pressure and blood cholesterol to mitigate CAD burden when PM2.5 exposure is unavoidable.
Study context
- Population
- Participants of the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China project941 coronary artery disease (CAD) cases
- Participants
- 34,481 participants
- Exposure
- Long-term PM2.5 exposure
- Outcome
- Incident CAD
- Follow-up
- Median 11.15 years
Main finding
CAD per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5
Hazard ratio
1.28
95% CI 1.19–1.37
Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5
HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.19–1.37)
Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, as printed
As reported in the abstract
- Mediating proportion of systolic blood pressure (SBP)
- 13.02% (95% CI 4.63-21.42)
- Mediating proportion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
- 9.23% (95% CI 0.34-18.12)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediating proportions of SBP and LDL-C, by genetic risk (subgroup)
- High genetic risk, SBP
- 18.99% (95% CI 6.43-31.55)
- High genetic risk, LDL-C
- 16.30% (95% CI 5.11-27.52)
- Low genetic risk, SBP
- 2.42% (95% CI −16.80 to 21.64)
- Low genetic risk, LDL-C
- 6.15% (95% CI −8.13 to 20.43)
Additive interaction of genetic risk of SBP and LDL-C with PM2.5 on CAD
- Genetic risks of SBP and LDL-C significantly exacerbated PM2.5-related CAD risk (additive interaction)
- P < 0.05
Original publication
Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and coronary artery disease: unravelling cardiometabolic pathways and modification of genetic susceptibility. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 24 April 2025. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf239
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it