Mortality and cumulative cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Sustained and cumulative cardiovascular risk factor control substantially lowers mortality among patients with T2D
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 35–75 years with T2DM, ChinaHEART project
- Participants
- 138,193 adults
- Exposure
- Number of cardiovascular risk factors controlled
- Outcome
- All-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 5.6 years
Methodological detailsnationwide, population-based
- Nationwide
- Population-based
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs 0-2 risk factors controlledHazard ratio (95% CI)
3 factors controlled
0.77(0.73–0.81)
6-7 factors controlled
0.43(0.38–0.48)
- Deaths
- 9,698
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortality by change in risk factor control (baseline to second follow-up)Improved controlvs Stable low control | 0.86 (0.77–0.96) | |
| All-cause mortality by cumulative (TWA) risk factor controlHighest quartile of TWA controlvs Lowest quartile47% lower mortality | 0.53 (0.47–0.60) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
- All-cause mortality by change in risk factor control (baseline to second follow-up) — Degraded control vs stable high control: mortality risk increased
- 23%
CVD mortality
- Similar associations observed for CVD mortality
Original publication
Mortality and cumulative cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 6 January 2026. doi:10.
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