Practical Algorithms for Early Diagnosis of Heart Failure and Heart Stress Using NT-proBNP: A Clinical Consensus Statement from the Heart Failure Association of the ESC

NT-proBNP concentrations vary by patient profile and clinical scenario; interpret values with caution

Validated cut-points to rule in or rule out acute HF in the ED and to diagnose de novo HF in the outpatient setting

'Heart stress': elevated NT-proBNP in an asymptomatic patient with HF risk factors (DM, hypertension, CAD), underlying development of cardiac dysfunction and further increased risk

FIND-HF acronym as a prompt to consider HF: Fatigue, Increased water accumulation, Natriuretic peptide testing, Dyspnoea