Risk stratification for adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. A scientific statement of the ESC Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation & Right Ventricular Function, the ESC Working Group on Adult Congenital Heart Disease, and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions of the ESC
Recommendations
As issued by the authors
PAH risk stratification models, mainly derived from idiopathic PAH cohorts, are not automatically applicable to all PAH-CHD, especially Eisenmenger syndrome
Shunt location, congenital heart disease (CHD) complexity, degree of cyanosis, iron deficiency, syndromic co-morbidity and biomarkers other than BNP may play an important role in prognostication
Original publication
Risk stratification for adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. A scientific statement of the ESC Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation & Right Ventricular Function, the ESC Working Group on Adult Congenital Heart Disease, and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing & Allied Professions of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. Published 9 March 2026. doi:10.
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