Prevention & lipidsCohort study
Sex Differences in Association of Physical Activity With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality
- Prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Women compared with men derived greater gains in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk reduction from equivalent doses of leisure-time physical activity.
Study context
- Population
- US adults (55% female, age 44 ± 17 years) with survey data on leisure-time physical activity, 1997–2019
- Participants
- 412,413 adults · 4,911,178 person-years
- Exposure
- Regular leisure-time physical activity vs inactivity, by sex
- Outcome
- All-cause and CV mortality, by sex
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
All-cause mortality, by sex
Regular leisure-time physical activity vs InactivityHazard ratio (95% CI)
women (24% lower risk)
0.76(0.73–0.80)
men (15% lower risk)
0.85(0.82–0.89)
- Deaths during follow-up: all-cause
- 39,935
- Deaths during follow-up: CV
- 11,670
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Maximal survival benefit by MVPA dose, by sex
- Men: maximal benefit HR at 300 min/wk MVPA
- 0.81
- Women: similar benefit at 140 min/wk; maximum HR at ∼300 min/wk
- 0.76
CV death, by sex
- Sex-specific findings similar for CV death
- Wald F = 20.1, sex interaction P < 0.001
Muscle strengthening activity, by sex
- Sex-specific findings consistent across aerobic and muscle strengthening activity
- Wald F = 6.7, sex interaction P = 0.009
Original publication
Sex Differences in Association of Physical Activity With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published 27 February 2024. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.12.019
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it