Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study

Sex differences in patients with advanced heart failure: an analysis of the HELP-HF registry

ESC Heart FailPublished

  • registry
  • consecutive patients
  • four Italian centres

Authors' conclusion

In our registry enrolling patients with markers of advanced HF, despite differences in clinical and echocardiographic characteristics, no sex-related differences in clinical outcomes were observed.

Study context

Population
Patients with heart failure (HF) and at least one high-risk ‘I NEED HELP’ marker, evaluated at four Italian centres between 1 January 2020 and 30 November 2021patients included (mean age 75.1 ± 11.5 years, median left ventricular ejection fraction 35%)
Participants
1,149 patients
Exposure
Patients’ characteristics and outcomes were compared in men vs women.
  • Malesn = 773
Outcome
Composite of:
  • All-cause mortality
  • First HF hospitalization
Follow-up
1-year

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Impact of sex on the primary endpoint, multivariable analysis (adjusted hazard ratio; direction not stated)
1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.85-1.27, P = .740

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

OutcomeMalesFemales
Baseline characteristics: left ventricular ejection fraction32% (IQR 25–45)45% (IQR 30–55)

Individual endpoints

No significant differences in men vs women for the individual endpoints

Baseline characteristics: left ventricular ejection fraction

Males were younger, had more cardiovascular diseases and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction
Females showed a higher prevalence of non-cardiac conditions, neurocognitive and depressive disorders

Original publication

Sex differences in patients with advanced heart failure: an analysis of the HELP-HF registry. ESC Heart Fail. Published 16 February 2026. doi:10.1093/eschf/xvag004

Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it