Short-Term Effects of Lower Air Temperature and Cold Spells on Myocardial Infarction Hospitalizations in Sweden
Authors' conclusion
This nationwide case-crossover study reveals that short-term exposures to lower air temperature and cold spells are associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for MI at lag 2 to 6 days.
Study context
- Population
- Myocardial infarction (MI) cases admitted to hospitals in Sweden during the cold season (October to March), 2005–2019
- Participants
- 120,380 MI cases
- Exposure
- Lower air temperature and cold spells vs warmer referent days
- Outcome
- Hospitalization for MI (total MI, NSTEMI, STEMI)
- Follow-up
- Lag 0 to 1 (immediate) and 2 to 6 days (delayed)
Methodological detailstime-stratified, population-based, nationwide, conditional logistic regression with distributed lag nonlinear models
- Time-stratified
- Population-based
- Nationwide
- Conditional logistic regression with distributed lag nonlinear models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Total MI, NSTEMI, STEMI per 1-U decrease in percentile temperature · lag 2 to 6 days
Odds ratio (95% CI)
1-U decrease in percentile temperaturetotal MI
1.099(1.057–1.142)
1-U decrease in percentile temperatureNSTEMI
1.110(1.060–1.164)
1-U decrease in percentile temperatureSTEMI
1.076(1.004–1.153)
Cold spellstotal MI
1.077(1.037–1.120)
Cold spellsNSTEMI
1.069(1.020–1.119)
Cold spellsSTEMI
1.095(1.023–1.172)
Per 1-U decrease in percentile temperature, as printed
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
MI at lag 0 to 1 days
- Lower air temperature and cold spells associated with decreased risks for MI
Original publication
Short-Term Effects of Lower Air Temperature and Cold Spells on Myocardial Infarction Hospitalizations in Sweden. J Am Coll Cardiol. Published 1 September 2024. doi:10.
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