Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesResearch article
Short-Term Exposure to Low and High Temperatures and Mortality Among Patients With Heart Failure in Sweden
- Time-stratified case-crossover study
- nationwide
Authors' conclusion
This nationwide Swedish time-stratified case-crossover study indicates that short-term exposure to both low and high temperatures was associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure.
Study context
- Population
- Swedish patients with HF who died from any cause, 2006–2021
- Participants
- 250,640 patients
- Comparison
- Low and high ambient temperatures
- Outcome
- All-cause and CV mortality
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Low temperaturesall-cause mortality, entire study period
1.130(1.074–1.189)
High temperaturesall-cause mortality, entire study period
1.054(1.017–1.093)
Low temperaturesCV mortality, entire study period
1.160(1.083–1.242)
High temperaturesCV mortality, 2014-2021
1.084(1.014–1.159)
Further findings
High-temperature mortality risk by period
- More pronounced during 2014-2021 than 2006-2013
Susceptible subgroups
- Low temperatures: men, comorbid DM and diuretic users more susceptible
- High temperatures: stronger association with comorbid AF or flutter and elevated ozone exposure
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Short-Term Exposure to Low and High Temperatures and Mortality Among Patients With Heart Failure in Sweden. JAMA Cardiol. Published 1 December 2025. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2025.3932
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it