Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Socioeconomic Disadvantage, John Henryism, and Incident Heart Failure in the Jackson Heart Study
Authors' conclusion
The association between income disadvantage and HF differed by JH level. Because SED and high JH tend to co-occur, both should be considered in future research aiming to decrease the burden of HF in Black Americans.
Study context
- Population
- Black adults from the Jackson, Mississippi Metropolitan area with no cardiovascular disease at baseline (2000–2004) with complete socioeconomic disadvantages (SED) and John Henryism (JH) scoresmean age: 52.15 years, 64.3% female, 100 heart failure (HF) events occurred by 2016
- Participants
- 1,704 adults
- Exposure
- Effect moderation of JH in the SED and incident HF association
- Outcome
- Incident HF
- Follow-up
- By 2016 (mean , 10 years)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
HF events
100
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Incident HF per 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score, high JHAmong those with high JH; after full adjustment | 2.00 (1.39–2.86) | |
| Incident HF per 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score, low JHPer 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score · among participants with low JH; unadjusted | 1.40 (1.04–1.90) | |
| Incident HF per 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score, low JHPer 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score | 1.19 (0.87–1.63) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
- Incident HF per 1-unit increase in income disadvantage score, low JH: among participants with low JH; after adjusting for age and sex
Interaction between income and JH for incident HF
- Statistically significant interaction
- P = 0.04
Original publication
Socioeconomic Disadvantage, John Henryism, and Incident Heart Failure in the Jackson Heart Study. Circ Popul Health Outcomes. Published 17 March 2026. doi:10.
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