Congenital heart diseaseCohort study
Survival From Birth Until Young Adulthood Among Individuals With Congenital Heart Defects: CH STRONG
- Population-based cohort study
- 3 US birth defect surveillance systems
- linked to death records
Authors' conclusion
Eight in 10 individuals with CHDs born between1980 and 1997 survived to 35 years of age, with disparities by CHD severity, noncardiac anomalies, birth weight, and maternal race and ethnicity. Among individuals without noncardiac anomalies, those with nonsevere CHDs experienced similar mortality between 1 and 35 years of age as in the general population, and those with any CHD experienced similar mortality between 10 and 35 years of age as in the general population.
Study context
- Population
- US individuals with congenital heart defects born 1980–1997, followed to young adulthood (35 years)
- Participants
- 11,695 individuals
- Exposure
- Individuals with congenital heart defects (CHDs) vs general population; factors associated with mortality
- Outcome
- Probability of survival to 35 years of age
- Follow-up
- 35 years of age
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Overall
81.4%
Without co-occurring noncardiac anomalies
86.5%
Survived the first year of life
92.8%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Factors associated with infant mortality (aRR) and survival after the first year (aHR)
- Severe CHDs
- aRR=4.08; aHR=3.18
- Genetic syndromes
- aRR=1.83; aHR=3.06
- Other noncardiac anomalies
- aRR=1.54; aHR=2.53
- Low birth weight
- aRR=1.70; aHR=1.29
- Hispanic maternal race and ethnicity
- aRR=1.27; aHR=1.42
- Non-Hispanic Black maternal race and ethnicity
- aRR=1.43; aHR=1.80
Mortality vs general population (standardized mortality ratio)
- Infant mortality
- 10.17
- >1-year mortality
- 3.29
- >10-year and >20-year mortality
- ≈1.5
- Excluding noncardiac anomalies: >1-year mortality with nonsevere CHDs and >10-year and >20-year mortality with any CHD similar to the general population
Original publication
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it