Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study
The Evolving Burden, Disparities, Drivers, and Prevention Priorities of Heart Failure in the United States
- Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
- complementary cause-pathway framework
- data-driven machine-learning approach
- Bayesian age-period-cohort models
Authors' conclusion
HF remains a substantial and persistent public health burden in the United States. These findings support more targeted prevention, improved risk-factor control, and more equitable delivery of HF care.
Study context
- Population
- United States, 1990 to 2023
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Prevalent HF cases and YLDs · 2023
Prevalent heart failure (HF) cases
4.65 million
Years lived with disability (YLDs)
432 thousand
Increase in absolute burden since 1990
approximately 80%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Age-standardized prevalence and YLD rates · 2023
- Age-standardized prevalence rate per 100,000
- 864.29 (95% UI 789.90-937.31)
- Age-standardized YLD rate per 100,000
- 80.41 (95% UI 56.41-110.96)
- Age-standardized rates remained largely stable
Etiologic profile of HF
- Dominated by ischemic, hypertensive, valvular, and cardiomyopathic pathways
Geographic disparities
- Disproportionate burden concentrated in several Midwestern and Southern states
Population-attributable fraction by risk factor
- High systolic blood pressure
- 40.7%
- Dietary risks
- 27.3%
- High BMI
- 22.5%
- High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- 11.5%
- Kidney dysfunction
- 10.9%
Projected HF burden · through 2040
- Broadly stable trends
Original publication
The Evolving Burden, Disparities, Drivers, and Prevention Priorities of Heart Failure in the United States. JACC Adv. Published 9 September 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.103206
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it