Twenty-year trends in the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in young acute coronary syndrome patients hospitalized in Switzerland
Authors' conclusion
Young ACS patients in Switzerland exhibit a high prevalence of RFs and are more likely than older patients to be obese and smokers. Between 2000 and 2019, RF prevalence either increased or remained stable, except for smoking which decreased but still affected approximately two-thirds of young patients in 2019.
Study context
- Population
- Patients hospitalised with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Switzerland (Acute Myocardial Infarction in Switzerland (AMIS) Plus registry), 2000–2019
- Participants
- 58,028 ACS admissions
- Exposure
- Young vs older ACS patients; trends 2000–2019
- Youngn = 7,073
- Outcome
- Prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular RFs in young ACS patients and its 20-year trends
- Follow-up
- 2000–2019
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
RF prevalence in young patients
| Group | ≥1 modifiable RF | ≥2 risk factors (RFs) | Smoking | Dyslipidaemia | Hypertension | Obesity | Diabetes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Young | 91.6% | 59.0% | 71.4% | 57.3% | 35.9% | 21.7% | 10.1% |
Young
≥1 modifiable RF91.6%
≥2 risk factors (RFs)59.0%
Smoking71.4%
Dyslipidaemia57.3%
Hypertension35.9%
Obesity21.7%
Diabetes10.1%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Young vs older patientsYoung vs Older · obesity 21.7% vs 17.4% | P < 0.001 |
| Young vs older patientsYoung vs Older · active smokers 71.4% vs 33.9% | P < 0.001 |
Trends in young patients, 2000 to 2019
- Hypertension increased 29.0% to 51.3%
- P for trend < 0.001
- Obesity increased 21.2% to 27.1%
- P for trend < 0.001
- Active smoking decreased 72.5% to 62.5%
- P for trend = 0.02
- No significant change in diabetes
- P for trend = 0.32
- No significant change in dyslipidaemia
- P for trend = 0.067
Original publication
Twenty-year trends in the prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in young acute coronary syndrome patients hospitalized in Switzerland. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 17 March 2023. doi:10.
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