Acute cardiac care & resuscitationCohort study
Underlying reasons for sex difference in survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a mediation analysis
- Population-based cohort study
- nationwide registry linkage
- mediation analysis
Authors' conclusion
Women have a lower crude 30-day survival following OHCA compared to men. The poor prognosis is largely explained by a lower proportion of shockable initial rhythm, older age at presentation, and lower income.
Study context
- Population
- EMS-treated OHCA reported to the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, 2010–2020
- Participants
- 43,226 OHCAs
- Exposure
- Women vs men
- Womenn = 14,249
- Outcome
- Survival
- Follow-up
- 30 days
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Crude 30-day survival
Women vs MenRelative risk (95% CI)
crude
0.58(0.54–0.62)
adjusted for shockable initial rhythm
0.85(0.79–0.91)
further adjusted for age and resuscitation factors
0.98(0.92–1.05)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediation of sex difference in survival
- Shockable initial rhythm explained share of negative association of female sex on survival
- ∼50%
- Older age and lower disposable income the second and third most important variables
Original publication
Underlying reasons for sex difference in survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a mediation analysis. Europace. Published 14 May 2024. doi:10.1093/europace/euae126
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it