Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Underrepresentation of Women in Reduced Ejection Heart Failure Clinical Trials With Improved Mortality or Hospitalization
Authors' conclusion
Women are underrepresented in HFrEF RCTs that have demonstrated mortality or HHF benefits and influence current guidelines.
Study context
- Population
- Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting significant benefit on mortality or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), published 1980 to 2021
- Participants
- 104,972 participants33 RCTs
- Outcome
- Representation of women, by participation-to-prevalence ratio (PPR; 0.8 to 1.2 representative)
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Representation of women
- Women, % of enrolled participants (n = 24,366/104,972)
- 23.2%
- Women per trial, range
- 11.4% to 40.1%
- Overall participation-to-prevalence ratio (PPR)
- 0.58
- Per-trial PPR, range
- 0.29 to 1.00
- Trials with representative PPR
- 5 (15.2%)
Further pooled results
Representation over time
- Did not change significantly over time
Proportion of women, North American vs European trials
- Significantly greater in North American trials
- P = 0.03
Proportion of women, industry vs government-funded trials
- Greater in industry trials
- P = 0.05
Original publication
Underrepresentation of Women in Reduced Ejection Heart Failure Clinical Trials With Improved Mortality or Hospitalization. JACC Adv. Published 11 November 2023. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →