Valvular & structural heart diseaseResearch article
Valvular Heart Diseases in Swedish Males and Females
- nationwide Swedish study
Authors' conclusion
We observed certain sex differences, with, in general, a higher incidence rate among males of valvular heart disease diagnoses, but a lower risk of specific valve disorders. The underlying factors for the sex differences are unclear and need further investigation.
Study context
- Population
- All individuals in Sweden; valvular heart diseases defined as at least 1 registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2018all individuals · males 4,969,472 · females 5,015,286
- Participants
- 9,984,758 individuals
- Comparison
- incident valvular heart diseases in males vs females
- malesn = 4,969,472
- femalesn = 5,015,286reference
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident valvular heart disease (overall incidence rate per 100,000 person-years)
males
68.6
111,315 of 4,969,472
females
51.3
107,527 of 5,015,286
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · rheumatic mitral valve disorders | 0.50 (0.46–0.53) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · rheumatic aortic valve disorders | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · rheumatic tricuspid valve disorders | 0.61 (0.57–0.66) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · nonrheumatic mitral valve disorders | 1.08 (1.06–1.10) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · nonrheumatic aortic valve disorders | 1.25 (1.24–1.27) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · nonrheumatic tricuspid valve disorders | 0.72 (0.68–0.77) | |
| Valve disorders by type — males vs females · pulmonary valve disorders | 0.82 (0.75–0.90) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
- Valve disorders by type: adjusted for age, comorbidities, and sociodemographic factors
Original publication
Valvular Heart Diseases in Swedish Males and Females. JACC Adv. Published 19 March 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2026.102666
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it