Coronary disease & ACSRandomised controlled trial
Vitamin K 2 and D 3 Supplementation in Patients With Severe Coronary Artery Calcification: The DANCODE Trial
- Randomised controlled trial
- multicentre
- double-blind
- placebo-controlled
Authors' conclusion
Among patients with severe CAC, supplementation with vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 reduced progression of CAC over 24 months. The reduction in calcification progression was not associated with an increase in noncalcified plaque volume.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with severe coronary artery calcification (CAC score ≥400 Agatston units (AU))400 randomised
- Participants
- 398 patients
- Comparison
- Vitamin K2 plus vitamin D3 vs placebo
- Primary endpoint
- Change in CAC score
- Follow-up
- 24 months
Primary result
CAC increase
Between-group difference
−52 AU
95% CI −79 to −24
By group
Vitamin K2 and D3 vs Placebo
between-group difference −52 AU (95% CI −79 to −24)
As reported in the abstract
Further findings
CAC change by sex and baseline CAC (400-999 and ≥1000 AU) (subgroups) · 24 months
- Treatment effect consistent across sex and baseline CAC subgroups
Plaque composition on coronary CT angiography (subset with CAC <1000 AU) · 24 months
- Calcified plaque volume progression attenuated in the intervention group: between-group difference
- −8 mm3 (95% CI, −13 to −2)
- Similar increase in total plaque volume between groups
- No change in noncalcified plaque volume between groups
- 143 participants underwent coronary CT angiography
Original publication
Vitamin K 2 and D 3 Supplementation in Patients With Severe Coronary Artery Calcification: The DANCODE Trial. Circulation. Published 28 August 2026. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.126.082363
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it