18F-FDG PET/CT and Radiolabeled Leukocyte SPECT/CT Imaging for the Evaluation of Cardiovascular Infection in the Multimodality Context: ASNC Imaging Indications (ASNC I2) Series Expert Consensus Recommendations From ASNC, AATS, ACC, AHA, ASE, EANM, HRS, IDSA, SCCT, SNMMI, and STS

18F-FDG PET/CT and SPECT/CT leukocyte scintigraphy can enhance evaluation of suspected cardiovascular infection by increasing diagnostic accuracy, identifying extracardiac involvement, and assessing cardiac implanted device pockets, leads and all portions of ventricular assist devices

Consensus diagnostic features: focal/multifocal or diffuse heterogenous intense 18F-FDG uptake on valvular and prosthetic material, perivalvular areas, device pockets and leads, and ventricular assist device hardware, persisting on non-attenuation corrected images

Numerous clinical indications, with a larger role in prosthetic valves and cardiac devices, particularly with possible infective endocarditis or after prior equivocal or non-diagnostic imaging