2024 American Heart Association and American Red Cross Guidelines for First Aid

First aid treatment for critical and common medical, traumatic, environmental and toxicological conditions; first comprehensive update since 2010, incorporating ILCOR structured evidence reviews; existing guidelines remain relevant unless updated. New or substantially revised topics: opioid overdose, bleeding control, open chest wounds, spinal motion restriction, hypothermia, frostbite, presyncope, anaphylaxis, snakebite, oxygen administration, pulse oximetry in first aid, with pediatric-specific guidance as warranted