Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
A Novel Treatment Score (QUAD score) to Promote Treatment Optimization in Heart Failure with a Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors' conclusion
Excellent QUAD scores are associated with better outcomes.
Study context
- Population
- Consecutive patients with incident HF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% who completed therapy titration, January 2021–June 2023
- Participants
- 1,691 patients10 UK centres
- Exposure
- Poor vs good vs excellent QUAD scores after final therapy titration
- Outcome
- Composite of:
- First hospitalization for HF (hospitalization for heart failure (HHF))
- All-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- 1 year after final therapy titration
Methodological detailsconsecutive patients, 10 UK centres
- Consecutive patients
- 10 UK centres
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Composite of:
- First HHF
- All-cause mortality
Log rank P < 0.01
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
All-cause mortality · 1 year — Poor vs Good, Excellent
log rank P < 0.001
First HHF · 1 year — Poor vs Good, Excellent
log rank P < 0.001
Days to final therapy titration — Excellent vs Good, Poor
P < 0.01
Titration completion timing (overall)
- Completed titration within 90 days
- 33%
- Completed titration within 6 months
- 63%
- Completed titration within 1 year
- 88%
- Wide variation in titration schedules across centres
Characteristics of patients failing to achieve good or excellent score
- More often women, older, poorer renal function and higher NTproBNP
- P < 0.01
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
A Novel Treatment Score (QUAD score) to Promote Treatment Optimization in Heart Failure with a Reduced Ejection Fraction. ESC Heart Fail. Published 8 September 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →