Blood Pressure Control and Maintenance in U.S. Veterans: Roles of Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Deprivation
Authors' conclusion
The first year of hypertension management portends future differences in BP control.
Study context
- Population
- Post-9/11-era US Veterans with new-onset hypertension receiving care in Veterans Affairs medical centres, 2001–2023of 1,280,441 Veterans
- Participants
- 398,732 veterans
- Exposure
- Blood pressure (BP) control by sex, race and ethnicity
- Outcome
- BP control (<140/90 mm Hg)
- Follow-up
- 1, 2, and 5 years after hypertension onset
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
BP control
Men
- 1 year
- 43%
- 5 years
- 59%
Women
- 1 year
- 60%
- 5 years
- 67%
1 year
Men43%
Women60%
5 years
Men59%
Women67%
Women vs MenOdds ratio (95% CI)
1 year, adjusted
1.85(1.81–1.90)
5 years, adjusted
1.39(1.34–1.44)
- Hispanic vs NH White: greater odds of control through 5 years
- 23% to 17%
- NH Black vs NH White: lower odds of control through 5 years
- 10% to 23%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Adjustment for Social Deprivation Index
- Inclusion of the Social Deprivation Index did not change results
Original publication
Blood Pressure Control and Maintenance in U.S. Veterans: Roles of Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Deprivation. JACC Adv. Published 24 October 2025. doi:10.
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