Heart failure & cardiomyopathiesCohort study
Diet and Clinical Outcomes in a Heart Failure Population
- Prospective cohort study (substudy of the G-CHF registry)
- multinational
- 25 countries
Authors' conclusion
In persons with HF, higher legume and vegetable intake were each associated with a lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes, whereas higher refined grain intake was associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes.
Study context
- Population
- Persons with heart failure (HF) in the multinational G-CHF registry with dietary data from food frequency questionnaires
- Participants
- 3,798 persons · 25 countries
- Exposure
- Consumption levels of 11 common foods and a healthy diet pattern
- Outcome
- Composite of:
- Death
- HF hospitalization
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Death or HF hospitalization (legume intake)
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.1 to <0.5 serving per day vs <0.1 serving per day
0.85(0.73–0.99)
≥0.5 serving per day vs <0.1 serving per day
0.80(0.65–0.98)
- Primary outcome events
- 1,236
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| HF hospitalization (vegetable intake) · vegetables | 0.77 (0.61–0.97) | |
| HF hospitalization (refined grain intake) — 1-3 servings per day vs <1 serving per day · refined grains | 1.56 (1.19–2.05) | |
| HF hospitalization (refined grain intake) — >3 servings per day vs <1 serving per day · refined grains | 1.76 (1.30–2.39) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Deaths and HF hospitalizations
- Died
- 890
- Hospitalized for HF
- 593
Original publication
Diet and Clinical Outcomes in a Heart Failure Population. JACC Heart Fail. Published 29 October 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2025.102728
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it