Electronic Nudge Letters to Increase Influenza Vaccination Uptake in Younger and Middle-Aged Individuals With Diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Electronic nudge letters effectively boosted vaccine uptake in individuals with DM and in individuals free of DM but with other chronic diseases, but the effect was lower among those with DM.
Study context
- Population
- Danish citizens aged 18–64 years with chronic disease, with vs without diabetes mellitus (DM), 2023/2024 influenza season57,666 (19.2%) with DM
- Participants
- 299,881 participants
- Comparison
- Any electronic nudge letter vs usual care, by DM status
- Primary endpoint
- Receipt of a seasonal influenza vaccine
- Follow-up
- On or before January 1, 2024
Methodological detailsnationwide, pragmatic implementation trial, randomized 2.45:1:1:1:1:1:1
- Nationwide
- Pragmatic implementation trial
- Randomized 2.45:1:1:1:1:1:1
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Influenza vaccine uptake, by DM status (subgroups)
Electronic letter vs Usual careEstimate (99.29% CI)
DM
relative risk ratio 1.42(1.39–1.44)
Without DM
risk ratio 1.47(1.45–1.50)
- DM: 45.6% vs 36.5%
- difference +9.1 percentage points (99.29% CI 7.9–10.3)
- Without DM: 37.3% vs 25.9%
- difference +12.3 percentage points (99.29% CI 11.7–12.8)
Further findings
Vaccine uptake during the season, DM vs without DM
- DM vs without DM: 43.0% vs 34.6%
- P < 0.001
Original publication
Electronic Nudge Letters to Increase Influenza Vaccination Uptake in Younger and Middle-Aged Individuals With Diabetes. JACC Adv. Published 13 November 2024. doi:10.
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