Frailty Alone and Interactively with Obesity Predicts Heart Failure: Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study
Authors' conclusion
Frailty is highly common in older age, and our results indicated the high risk of HF incident in frail and prefrail groups. While frailty is clinically recognized by weight loss phenotype, our finding showed that frailly and high BMI can coexist and worsen the risk of HF incidence.
Study context
- Population
- Older adults aged 61–74 years, Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (408 women, 369 men)408 women and 369 men
- Participants
- 36 / 340 / 441
- Exposure
- Frail and prefrail vs robust
- Frailn = 36
- Prefrailn = 340
- Robustn = 441reference
- Outcome
- Incident HF (national hospitalization registry)
- Follow-up
- 14.2 years
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident HF
Each group vs robustHazard ratio (95% CI)P value
Prefrailage- and sex-adjusted
1.42(1.08–1.79)
P = 0.02Frailage- and sex-adjusted
3.39(1.89–4.79)
P ≤ 0.001Prefrailmultivariate-adjusted
1.46(1.09–1.95)
P = 0.01Frailmultivariate-adjusted
3.33(1.86–5.70)
P ≤ 0.001- HF events
- 201
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Incident HF in high BMI (≥25 kg/m²) (sensitivity analysis)Frail vs Robust · multivariate-adjusted | 2.88 (1.56–5.33) | P ≤ 0.001 | |
| Incident HF in high BMI (≥25 kg/m²) (sensitivity analysis)Prefrail vs Robust · multivariate-adjusted | 1.40 (1.08–1.91) | P = 0.03 | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
- Incident HF in high BMI (≥25 kg/m²) (sensitivity analysis): interaction P = 0.02 (high BMI × frailty)
Original publication
Frailty Alone and Interactively with Obesity Predicts Heart Failure: Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. ESC Heart Fail. Published 10 May 2023. doi:10.
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it