Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Global burden of heart failure and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021
Authors' conclusion
HF emerges as a significant and growing public health challenge globally, influenced by distinct socioeconomic gradients.
Study context
- Population
- People worldwide with heart failure (HF), across diverse demographics and geographic regions
- Outcome
- Number of people affected by HF
- Follow-up
- 2021 vs 1990
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
2021
55.5 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 49.0-63.8]
1990
25.4 million
95% UI 22.3–29.2
Further findings
Age-standardized prevalence rate per 100 000 people · 2021
- Overall
- 676.7 (95% UI 598.7-776.8)
- Males
- 760.8 (95% UI 673.2-874.7)
- Females
- 604.0 (95% UI 535.0-692.3)
Change in age-standardized prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) rates · 1990–2021
- Age-standardized prevalence rate increase
- 5.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7-8.5]
- Age-standardized YLD rate increase
- 5.9% (95% CI 2.9-9.0)
Age-standardized prevalence rate of HF by underlying cause
- Ischaemic heart disease (primary cause)
- 228.3 (95% UI 118.2-279.6)
- Hypertensive heart disease
- 148.3 (95% UI 117.3-186.3)
- Cardiomyopathy/myocarditis
- 62.0 (95% UI 51.2-73.2)
HF prevalence by socio-demographic index (SDI) quintile
- High SDI quintile: higher HF prevalence rates but stable trends
- Lower SDI quintiles: initially lower prevalence rates, increased age-standardized HF prevalence and YLD rates
Original publication
Global burden of heart failure and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. Published 7 January 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →