Prevention & lipids

GOULD EDU: Cluster-Randomized Trial of an Educational Intervention to Improve Lipid-Lowering Guideline Adherence

JACC AdvPublished Cluster-randomised stepped-wedge trial

Authors' conclusion

An educational intervention with physicians had little impact on LLT optimization or LDL-C goal achievement in patients with ASCVD over a 1-year period.

Study context

Population
US patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the GOULD registry
Participants
616 vs 382
Comparison
Physician educational intervention in lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) optimisation
  • Step 1n = 616
  • Step 2n = 382
Primary endpoint
Optimisation of LLT (change in prescribed LLT)
Follow-up
1 year
Methodological detailsextension of the GOULD observational registry, cluster-randomized, 1-year extension in a subset of registry sites
  • Extension of the GOULD observational registry
  • Cluster-randomized
  • 1-year extension in a subset of registry sites

Primary result

As reported in the abstract

Change in prescribed LLT

No change in LLT

83.6%

820/981

LLT intensification

7.0%

69/981

Further findings

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <70 mg/dL goal achievement

Baseline
39.0% (202/518)
1 year
39.5% (252/638)

Original publication

GOULD EDU: Cluster-Randomized Trial of an Educational Intervention to Improve Lipid-Lowering Guideline Adherence. JACC Adv. Published 3 December 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.102403

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