Acute cardiac care & resuscitation
How to Measure First Responders’ Arrival Time in a Smartphone Alerting System? An observational study
Authors' conclusion
GPS-based tracking provides a reliable, objective measure of CFR arrival times. The 50m geofence offers the highest practical applicability and consistency. Manual confirmation was often delayed or missing, limiting its reliability. GPS50m could be considered a standardized metric for arrival measurement in SAS for further evaluation and optimization. (DRKS00032957, 30/10/2023).
Study context
- Population
- Activations of the Smartphone Alerting Systems (SAS) "Region of Lifesavers" in Freiburg, Germany, over a 12-month period (1/12/2023–30/11/2024)alerts, 2,480 community first responders (CFR) accepted, 1,577 complete data cases
- Participants
- 1,498 participants
- Exposure
- Response time measurement methods: GPS100m vs GPS50m vs manual confirmation
- Outcome
- Median arrival time
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
GPS100m
04:21
median · IQR 02:58, 06:00 · min
GPS50m
04:40
median · IQR 03:19, 06:25 · min
Manual confirmation
05:50
median · IQR 04:03, 08:04 · min
- Significant differences between all methods
- P < 0.001 for all pairwise comparisons
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Manual confirmation documented
- Manual confirmation documented
- 69.2%
Bland-Altman analysis
- Smaller bias for GPS50m than for GPS100m, with comparable limits of agreement
Original publication
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