Implementation of Intravascular Coronary Lithotripsy in the United States: Social Determinants of Health
Authors' conclusion
Disparities in lithotripsy utilization persist, driven by sex, race, insurance status, income, and geographic region.
Study context
- Population
- Patients undergoing PCI, US Nationwide Inpatient Sample 20211,000 (0.38%) underwent lithotripsy
- Participants
- 261,260 patients
- Exposure
- Lithotripsy use by sex, race, insurance, income and region
- Outcome
- Receipt of intravascular coronary lithotripsy
Methodological detailsNationwide Inpatient Sample 2021, multivariable logistic regression, propensity score matching
- Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2021
- Multivariable logistic regression
- Propensity score matching
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Lithotripsy use (adjusted)
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)P value
Women vs Men
0.65(0.53–0.79)
P < 0.001African American vs White
0.66(0.48–0.93)
P = 0.016Medicaid vs Medicare
0.20(0.11–0.36)
P < 0.001Southregional disparity
0.66(0.47–0.94)
P = 0.022- Higher-income quartiles vs Lower quartiles
- aOR 1.38-1.6; P < 0.05
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Implementation of Intravascular Coronary Lithotripsy in the United States: Social Determinants of Health. JACC Adv. Published 1 September 2025. doi:10.
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it