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Coronary disease & ACSSecondary analysis

Long-Term Outcomes Following Bilateral vs Single Internal Thoracic Artery Grafts

JAMA CardiolPublished

  • Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
  • unblinded
  • multicentre
  • 15-year extended follow-up

In the bilateral group, 215 (14%) received only a single arterial graft; in the single group, 359 (23%) also received a radial artery graft

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Authors' conclusion

There was no difference in all-cause mortality at 15 years between patients undergoing CABG who were randomized to bilateral vs single internal thoracic artery grafts in an intention-to-treat analysis.

Study context

Population
Patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) at 28 cardiac surgery centres in 7 countries, 2004–2007; excluding single grafts, concomitant valve surgery or previous CABG3,042 completed 15-year follow-up
Participants
3,102 patients
Comparison
Bilateral vs single internal thoracic artery grafts for CABG
  • Bilateraln = 1,548
  • Singlen = 1,554reference
Primary endpoint
All-cause mortality
Follow-up
15 years

Primary result

As reported in the abstract

Hazard ratio

1.00

95% CI 0.89–1.12

P = 0.97

Events by treatment group

Bilateral vs Single
HR 1.00 (95% CI 0.89–1.12); P = 0.97

Secondary outcomes

OutcomeBilateralSingleHR (95% CI)
All-cause mortality, MI or stroke · 15 years43.9%45.8%0.94 (0.85–1.05)

Original publication

Long-Term Outcomes Following Bilateral vs Single Internal Thoracic Artery Grafts. JAMA Cardiol. Published 2 September 2026. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2026.3232
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Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it