Myocardial Expression of PD-L1 as a Marker of Poor Prognosis in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Myocarditis
Authors' conclusion
High myocardial PD-L1 expression is associated with greater disease severity and a higher risk of major adverse cardiotoxic events in ICI-associated myocarditis.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with biopsy-proven immune checkpoint inhibitor–associated myocarditis
- Participants
- 20 consecutive cases
- Exposure
- High vs low myocardial PD-L1 expression
- High PD-L1n = 7
- Low PD-L1n = 13reference
- Outcome
- Major adverse cardiotoxic events:
- Severe HF
- Severe arrhythmia
- Cardiac death
- Follow-up
- 30 days
Methodological detailsconsecutive cases, biopsy-proven
- Consecutive cases
- Biopsy-proven
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
30-day major adverse cardiotoxic events
P = 0.007
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
QRS duration on ECG
P = 0.021
| Outcome | High PD-L1 | Low PD-L1 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peak normalized troponin (× upper limit of normal)Median | 662 (IQR 204–855) | 64 (IQR 26–108) | P = 0.010 |
| CD3+ T cell infiltration | 35.9% (IQR 25.8%–42.8%) | 2.6% (IQR 0.6%–5.8%) | P = 0.007 |
| CD68+ macrophage infiltration | 15.2% (IQR 10.2%–21.1%) | 1.23% (IQR 0.4%–2.3%) | P = 0.007 |
Original publication
Myocardial Expression of PD-L1 as a Marker of Poor Prognosis in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Myocarditis. JACC CardioOncol. Published April 2026. doi:10.
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