Reference equations for peak oxygen uptake for treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise tests based on the NHANES lean body mass equations, a Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database (FRIEND) registry study
Authors' conclusion
The derived VO2peak reference equations provided physiologically explainable and were well calibrated across the spectrum of age, sex, and BMI.
Study context
- Population
- Apparently healthy individuals undergoing graded treadmill CPET, FRIEND registry
- Participants
- 6,836 individuals
- Exposure
- Male vs Female
- Outcome
- Sex-specific reference equations for VO2peak using NHANES-estimated lean body mass (eLBM) and body fat % (eBF)
Methodological detailsderivation of reference equations, FRIEND registry, sex-specific multivariable regression
- Derivation of reference equations
- FRIEND registry
- Sex-specific multivariable regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
VO2peak reference equations
| Group | Equation | R2 |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 2633.4 + 48.7 × estimate lean body mass (eLBM) (kg) - 63.6 × eBF (%) - 0.23 × Age2 | 0.44 |
| Female | 1174.9 + 49.4 × eLBM (kg) - 21.7 × eBF (%) - 0.158 × Age2 | 0.53 |
Equation
Male2633.4 + 48.7 × eLBM (kg) - 63.6 × eBF (%) - 0.23 × Age2
Female1174.9 + 49.4 × eLBM (kg) - 21.7 × eBF (%) - 0.158 × Age2
R2
Male0.44
Female0.53
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Residuals for percent-predicted VO2peak (ppVO2)
- Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) defined as
- <70% ppVO2
- Average CRF defined as
- between 85 and 115%
- Residuals stable over predicted VO2peak range
Original publication
Reference equations for peak oxygen uptake for treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise tests based on the NHANES lean body mass equations, a FRIEND registry study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 7 February 2025. doi:10.
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