Sex differences in prevalence and characteristics of imaging-detected atherosclerosis: a population-based study
Authors' conclusion
Men had higher prevalence of imaging-detected carotid and coronary atherosclerosis with prevalence in women aged 65 corresponding to men 11-13 years younger. The associations remained after extensive multivariable adjustment.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 50–65 from the general population in the Swedish Cardiopulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS)50% women
- Participants
- 25,580 adults
- Exposure
- Men vs women
- Outcome
- Prevalence of imaging-detected coronary (coronary CT angiography) and carotid (ultrasound) atherosclerosis: any coronary atherosclerosis, coronary stenosis ≥ 50%, SIS ≥ 4, CACS > 100, any carotid plaque
Methodological detailspopulation-based
- Population-based
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Men
- Any coronary atherosclerosis
- 56.2%
- Coronary stenosis ≥ 50%
- 9.0%
- Segment involvement score (SIS) ≥ 4
- 20.2%
- Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) > 100
- 18.2%
- Carotid plaque
- 60.9%
Women
- Any coronary atherosclerosis
- 29.5%
- Coronary stenosis ≥ 50%
- 2.3%
- SIS ≥ 4
- 5.3%
- CACS > 100
- 5.6%
- Carotid plaque
- 48.7%
Any coronary atherosclerosis
Men56.2%
Women29.5%
Coronary stenosis ≥ 50%
Men9.0%
Women2.3%
Segment involvement score (SIS) ≥ 4
Men20.2%
Women5.3%
Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) > 100
Men18.2%
Women5.6%
Carotid plaque
Men60.9%
Women48.7%
Men vs WomenOdds ratio (95% CI)P value
Coronary atherosclerosis; multivariable adjusted (P for unadjusted prevalence)
2.75(2.53–2.99)
P < 0.01Coronary stenosis ≥ 50%; multivariable adjusted (P for unadjusted prevalence)
2.88(2.40–3.45)
P < 0.01SIS ≥ 4; multivariable adjusted (P for unadjusted prevalence)
3.99(3.50–4.55)
P < 0.01CACS > 100; multivariable adjusted (P for unadjusted prevalence)
3.29(2.88–3.75)
P < 0.01Carotid plaque; multivariable adjusted (P for unadjusted prevalence)
1.57(1.45–1.70)
P < 0.01Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk factors
Hypertension
Hyperlipidaemia
Diabetes
Original publication
Sex differences in prevalence and characteristics of imaging-detected atherosclerosis: a population-based study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published 19 August 2024. doi:10.
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